Preoperative Nursing care Questions Quiz

The preoperative interview aims to establish a baseline evaluation of the patient, including physical and emotional assessments, previous anesthetic history, and identification of known allergies or genetic problems.

Preadmission testing ensures that necessary tests have been or will be performed before the day of surgery.

On the day of surgery, the patient’s identity and the surgical site are verified, and informed consent is confirmed.

For patients going home the same day, verifying the availability of safe transport and the presence of an accompanying responsible adult is crucial.

The preoperative phase begins with the decision to proceed with surgery and ends with the transfer of the patient onto the operating room table.

Verifying the patient’s identity and the surgical site are important nursing activities on the day of surgery.

Preparatory education includes providing information about recovery from anesthesia and postoperative care.

Depending on when the preadmission evaluation and testing were done, nursing activities on the day of surgery may be as basic as updating the preoperative patient assessment.

The nurse is responsible for arranging appropriate consultative services in the preoperative phase.

The intraoperative phase starts with the patient’s transfer to the operating room table and concludes when the patient is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU).

Maintaining an aseptic environment is a crucial responsibility of the nurse during the intraoperative phase.

As a scrub nurse, the nurse handles instruments and supplies for the surgical field during surgery.

The intraoperative phase concludes when the patient is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU).

Ensuring proper function of equipment is a nursing responsibility in maintaining an aseptic environment during surgery.

Providing emotional support, such as holding the patient’s hand during general anesthesia induction, can be a role of the nurse in the intraoperative phase.

The intraoperative phase begins when the patient is transferred to the operating room table.

An RNFA may have a role in handling surgical instruments during surgery.

Preadmission testing involves verifying the patient’s understanding of surgeon-specific preoperative orders.

The nurse completes the preoperative assessment during patient admission to the surgical center or unit

During the transfer to the PACU, the nurse reports the patient’s preoperative level of consciousness.

Malignant hyperthermia is a genetic condition associated with hypermetabolic reactions during anesthesia.

Central core disease (CCD) is associated with subclinical muscle weakness and may affect surgical outcomes.

The nurse should inquire about complications such as fever, rigidity, and unexpected reactions during the preoperative family history assessment.

The nurse should assess for contractures, kyphoscoliosis, and pterygium with progressive weakness during the physical assessment to identify an underlying genetic condition.

Providing support to families with newly diagnosed genetic conditions is a key responsibility of the nurse.

Urgent surgery requires prompt attention and should be performed within 24–30 hours.

Cosmetic surgery is an example of elective surgery where the decision rests with the patient.

Required surgery indicates that the patient needs to have surgery.

Acute gallbladder infection is a condition that usually requires urgent attention.

Elective surgery involves a decision that rests with the patient, making it optional.

Optimal nutrition is essential for promoting healing and resisting infection and surgical complications.

Correcting nutritional deficiencies, such as malnutrition, is important before surgery to provide enough protein for tissue repair.

Surgery may be postponed in acutely intoxicated persons to prevent vomiting and potential aspiration.

Patients with a history of chronic alcoholism may experience alcohol withdrawal delirium postoperatively, so monitoring is recommended.

Urging patients to stop smoking at least 24 hours before surgery can help reduce airway reactivity and decrease mucociliary clearance.

The goal is to ensure a well-functioning cardiovascular system to meet the oxygen, fluid, and nutritional needs of the perioperative period.

Increasing calorie intake helps spare protein and prevents its use for energy needs, supporting tissue repair.

Vitamin C deficiency is associated with impaired collagen formation and increased capillary fragility and permeability.

Vitamin A is important for capillary formation, tissue synthesis, and wound healing through collagen formation.

Impaired/delayed wound healing due to decreased collagen synthesis increases the risk of infection.

Extensive weight loss in patients with wounds may lead to increased mortality.

Dehydration is associated with impaired/delayed wound healing in patients with wounds due to dry mucous membranes.

Increasing water intake helps maintain homeostasis in patients with wounds.

Zinc is crucial for antibody formation and is needed for resistance to infection in patients with wounds.

The presurgical goal is to optimize the function of the liver and urinary systems for adequate processing and removal of medications, anesthetic agents, body wastes, and toxins.

The liver is important in the biotransformation of anesthetic compounds, and any disorder of the liver can affect how anesthetic agents are metabolized.

Frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels is important to maintain blood glucose levels at less than 200 mg/dL for patients with diabetes undergoing surgery.

Patients who have received corticosteroids are at risk for adrenal insufficiency, and reporting their use is essential for monitoring signs of adrenal insufficiency.

Identification of allergies is crucial to identify potential drug interactions and ensure patient safety.

Obtaining a medication history is important to identify potential drug interactions and understand their effects on the patient.

Asking patients about herbal medication use is essential to identify possible interactions with anesthetic agents and medications.

Corticosteroids can lead to cardiovascular collapse if discontinued suddenly, so a bolus may be administered before and after surgery.

Diuretics may increase the hypotensive action of anesthetics during anesthesia administration.

Phenothiazines may cause excessive respiratory depression during anesthesia.

Tranquilizers like diazepam may cause anxiety, tension, and even seizures if withdrawn suddenly during anesthesia.

The interaction is important to avoid hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes undergoing surgery.

Anticoagulants can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery and should be discontinued in anticipation of elective surgery.

Antiseizure medications, when combined with anesthesia, may need to be administered to keep the patient seizure-free during surgery.

MAO inhibitors can increase the hypotensive action of anesthetics during surgery.

Identifying preoperative anxiety is crucial as it indicates psychological distress, directly influences body functioning, and helps understand the patient’s fears and concerns.

Patients may express fear through various communication styles, such as asking questions, withdrawing, avoiding communication, or talking about trivialities.

The nurse plays a crucial role in addressing patient fears and concerns by providing information, empathizing, and listening well.

Assessing the patient’s support network is important as it helps determine the patient’s readiness to learn and provides insight into the available support systems.

Patients may have concerns beyond fears of the procedure, including loss of work time, job loss, and increased responsibilities on family members.

hen a patient expresses fear through withdrawal, the nurse should respect the patient’s need for solitude and provide support when needed.

An important outcome of the psychosocial assessment is determining the extent and role of the patient’s support network

The brief time in the ambulatory setting is crucial for comprehensive assessment, anticipation of needs, and planning for discharge and follow-up home care.

The key principle is that the aged patient has less physiologic reserve compared to the younger patient.

Research suggests that preoperative activity levels in elderly patients can predict postoperative outcomes, especially in procedures like hip replacement surgery.

Assessing the condition of the mouth is important to identify dental caries, dentures, or partial plates that may pose risks during intubation.

Obesity increases the risk and severity of complications, especially infections in fatty tissues during surgery.

Considerations for patients with disabilities include modifications in preoperative teaching, attention to positioning, and the need for assistive devices.

Assistive devices are expensive and likely to be lost, making their safety important for patients with disabilities.

Preoperative teaching is most effective when initiated during the preadmission visit to allow patients to ask questions, receive information, and prepare for the upcoming surgery.

Deep-breathing and coughing exercises are aimed at preventing atelectasis (lung collapse), pneumonia, and other lung complications.

Promoting mobility after surgery helps improve circulation, prevent venous stasis, and enhance respiratory function.

Preoperative pain management education, including the introduction of a pain scale, is important during the preadmission visit.

Imagery involves concentrating on a pleasant experience or restful scene to relieve tension and achieve relaxation.

Teaching ambulatory surgical patients should include collaborative planning with the patient and family for discharge and follow-up home care.

The last preoperative phone call for ambulatory patients is designed to remind them not to eat or drink as directed before surgery.

Deep-breathing exercises are essential to promote optimal lung expansion and blood oxygenation after anesthesia.

Demonstrating how to splint the incision line using interlaced fingers helps minimize pressure and control pain during coughing.

Diaphragmatic breathing involves flattening the diaphragm during inspiration, leading to the enlargement of the upper abdomen.

Diaphragmatic breathing should be practiced in a semi-Fowler’s position, propped in bed with the back and shoulders well supported with pillows.

Hands should be in a loose-fist position, resting lightly on the front of the lower ribs, to feel the movement during diaphragmatic breathing.

To support coughing after surgery, the patient should lean forward slightly from a sitting position, interlace fingers, and place hands across the incisional site

Splinting for coughing involves interlacing fingers and placing hands across the incisional site to provide support.

“Hacking out sharply for three short breaths” is designed to help clear secretions from the chest, aiding in respiratory hygiene.

The quick deep breath and strong cough are intended to clear secretions without causing harm to the incision. Discomfort may occur, but it is not harmful

The described leg exercises, including bending, raising, extending, and tracing circles with the feet, aim to enhance circulation, particularly in a semi-Fowler’s position.

Fasting before surgery is crucial to prevent aspiration, a serious complication where regurgitated stomach contents enter the lungs during anesthesia, leading to inflammation and potentially compromising air exchange.

Introducing a pain scale helps in assessing and managing postoperative pain more effectively.

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a common method for administering analgesic agents to inpatients after surgery.

Distinguishing between acute and chronic pain helps the patient understand postoperative pain better.

Patients expected to go home typically receive oral analgesic agents

An incentive spirometer helps promote optimal lung expansion after anesthesia.